The Construction of News Essay Example for Free

The Construction of intelligence operation EssayWhat makes the use of ocular and verbal strategies in intelligence construction so essential? The answer has to do with the fact that what makes any good parole item attractive is its ability to capture and retain the attention of the audience. There ar many ways you can use to get your audiences attention, but visual and verbal strategies have been tested and proven to be the most effective. Any tidings item in the print media, radio or video, however news worthy it might be, will not be taken with the seriousness it deserves if visual and verbal cues are not used. The human mind reacts to more readily to statements which are accompanied by justly verbal and visual connotations than it does blank, or what Simmons calls imageless statements. News papers utilise pictures as a means of capturing attention. Televisions on the other baseball mitt make use of moving images, or what is commonly known as video. Pictures speak a t housand words, moving images speak millions. Images, whether still or moving, are indispensable in the media industry. These are not only appealing to the affection and/or ears, but they also help the reader, viewer and hearer to grasp the message better.Television journalists usually use videos taken from the source area of the news material. It would be very monotonous and even tiring if TV news lacked live shots of their news. These videos serve the same purpose as picture serve in publishers. They are a powerful means of capturing and retaining the audiences attention. War scenes have always had more impact on the viewer because of the images used. The coverage of the state of war in Iraq managed to elicit a lot of strong, albeit differing views and emotions. This can be attributed to the effectiveness of the kind of images that were used by news channels in broadcasting this news. match to Pfau and Haigh, the use of images in television war stories is very influential. They say that television news provides viewers with a front row seat to view trash. In other words, it gives the audience a feeling of presence, like they are a part of the combat out there in the battle field. Abrahams argues that television news communicates more emotion than other news venues. This tendency is even more pronounced with graphic images of war which he says are among the most powerful visuals known to humankindNot all images taken from a scene are used in the final news item. The images are usually change to suit the needs of the audience. Dramatic images often make interesting news material and video journalists will always strive to the best part of a video clip to show to the audience. This kind of news amazeation has been criticised in the past for being partial. Brown, in his Video Aid techniques book, says that news makers usually fashion out for the most bizarre, which also happens to be the most negative part of a video shootage to use in their news.This has a way of making mint misunderstand a situation. For example, many news channels, while covering the Iraq war, usually depicted the brutality of the terrorist insurgents over civilians, yet they failed to report the brutality of some of the American soldiers to the same civilians. Many sight thought that the Iraqis actually liked all the American soldiers and yet the situation on the ground was far much different. demand and television have also had a big role to play in how images are used in the other news media.The pictures used in newspapers and magazines reflect what the reader had already watched in a film or on television news. The pictures that journalists use are put in such a way that the message they contain will be reinforced in the readers mind. News broadcasters also use creative language to hold their audiences interest in a particular news story. They do not use the normal street language, nor do they confine themselves to the formal language. Rather, they constru ct their news in such a way that the words they use are appealing to the listener.The verbal strategies have to be used hand in hand with appropriate non-verbal cues in order to achieve to the maximum, the desired effect. Radio journalists only have their voices to rely on when presenting news to their audience. They usually use sophisticated, yet understandable languages. They have to use high levels of creativity since their presentation is only verbal. In most cases, journalists are able to present a news item to the listener in such a way that the listener feels like he/she is part of the events happening in the news.Images in the news media are also important in the presentation of societal norms and expectations. The media, most often than not, depicts what is happening in the society. Therefore, many news editors prefer to use images that people can relate to or are used to. Conclusion Journalists have had a major role to play in writing and reproducing major occurrences in the history of human kind. Today, it is possible to get a video clip from the Second World War due to a journalists efforts. It is also possible to access newspaper articles from long as the 1800s.There are many images depicting past events that should never be forgotten. These are preserved in various museums and media houses for posterity. Therefore, it can be said that journalist have over the years utilised the development of images to preserve the history of humankind. Journalists have also used visual and verbal strategies to case the social injustices that are plaguing much of the world today. It is through the images presented in our media that we are able to appreciate and grasp what is happening around us.The media showed the world what was happening in Darfur, and the world was able to act fast to avoid another Rwanda episode. The famous photographer, Mohammed Ali, received worldwide acclaim for highlighting the Ethiopian famine which was killing hundreds of people in E thiopia. Though journalists have used images for the good of people who are viewing them, there needs to be some regulation on how they present these images. For instance, they should use images that show both sides of the story in order to avoid misplaced understanding among the audience.

Describe the main strengths and weaknesses of Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

Describe the main strengths and weaknesses of Utilitarianism EssayStrengths* Utilitarianism is simple. It doesnt have a lot of complex convenings, but instead the undivided can decide would be the best, by how it affects separates.* It is flexible no law or principle is unchallengeable.* It allows for circumstance, so you can decide what is the best thing to do given the current circumstance.* It ties in with the Christian ethic of unconditional love, as preached by Jesus.* If someone believes that both lying and breaking promises ar acts that are as such wrong, utilitarianism provides a principled way in which they can choose which moral rule to break if forced to make a choice between them. * The fury on impartiality, unselfishness and altruism is to be commended.* There is no need to consider precedents as absolute just because one action worked for someone does non mean that it must be enforced again, when it may not work for someone else.* It is also attractive to se cular thinkers, because it makes no grand claims to the supernatural or metaphysical. It appeals to tangible results the consequences of an action will be perceived.Weaknesses* What do we mean by happiness? What makes us happy? It is hard to define happiness as it varies with psyche to person.* Should happiness always be pursued? What if we can only be happy if we achieve it in a bad way? Like if a murderer is only happy if he kills someone.* How can we say that happiness from one pleasure is greater than from different? There is no way to itemise if a genius is all more happy than someone not so clever.* Humans do not always treat each other equal. We care more about the people close to us and would give them more consideration in an ethical dilemma. Some would claim that utilitarians are manifestly idealistic and unrealistic because they do not accurately evaluate human behaviour and just assume we are all perfect, caring equally for everyone.* It is impossible to be certa in about a consequence, which is a general problem with teleological ethics.* It is very difficult to measure pleasure given by any outcome. It will take a great deal of time, thought and study, considering effects on both people and the situation.* Can we compare one persons happiness to another persons happiness?* If only the perfect happiness counts, imagine these two situations A 80% population live very well and are very happy because the other 20% are their slaves. B There are no slaves and everyone is happy but not as happy as the 80% in situation A. The total and average happiness in both situations is the same, therefore to a utilitarian there is no difference between the two, and both are equally chastely right, but slavery is considered wrong.* Is Act Utilitarianism too demanding? Someone buys a TV for 500, which would make them happy but they could also spend the money saving kibibyte lives in Africa. Some Act utilitarians would argue that, yes, we should send most of our money overseas, since that would create the most happiness for the most people, but is that too demanding?* The refusal to acknowledge as such wrong acts a judge might convict an innocent man in order to prevent a riot that would ensue if he were not convicted a utilitarian would argue that this is permissible because more people would be made unhappy by the lack of a conviction and the riot but is it intrinsically wrong to imprison or execute an innocent man?* Act utilitarians might accuse Rule utilitarians of being legalistic whats the point, they could say, of following a rule when it is clear that the consequences will decrease happiness? In their view, past experience can only give guidelines, not rules.* Rule utilitarianism may just be act utilitarianism in disguise all the rules are focussed around the maximisation of happiness. Rule utilitarians believe that the best way to tap happiness is to maximise happiness with every act- but this is just act utilitarianism.* Hu man rights, justices, and other such values may not have any place in a utilitarian ethical system if the wishes of the majority override them.* Christians, Muslims, and others of religious faith would argue that god decides what is rights, and what is the best outcome it is not four adult male to try to calculate.* Utilitarianism ignores meaning well benevolent motives.* Utilitarianism seems to require more of a human that many are capable of providing* Just as there are no absolutes for determining acts which are intrinsically wrong, there is also no way to define what is universally good.* There must be sufficient sexual conquest taken of the minority view the majority are not always right, even though the satisfaction of their wishes might create the most happiness.

The Run Away Children Children And Young People Essay

The Run Away Children Children And Young People Es averThis chapter to focusing on characterization of the run- out-of-door children like on the basis of their activity work at platform, income, uncommitted support, reason of run forward, their family background, and analyzing their reason of run away and think things.2.2 Characterizing the runaway childrenYardstick used to characterise the run-away children is based on their mount up, sex, how many times they run away, their p arntal care at their root, their work at their home and on the platform, their living condition on platform, how they are living in platform etc. based on the exemplar taken, observation and other process of the study.2.3 Age of the childAge radicalSample of the study restricted up to 6-15, but later at the location some more children added those who are more than age group of 15 but less than 18. Hence NGO working for run away children also considering the age group up to 18 and also we added as per th e fate to add children up to age group of 18. The age group ratio we rig on the railway station is as below in put backAvailable data is clearly showing the status of run-away children the most them are belongs to the age group of 11-14. Where very less belongs to the age group of 15-18. And the second lessor whizz from the age group less than age group of less than 10. And that seems more probably due to that they are very small to run away from home or from work practice or form any respected place. Another lowest one belongs from the age group of 15-18, mainly due to during the age in case of boy they being mature and they moving from the platform for different work to somewhere else. And in case of miss we dont have much information but as from discussion it comes out that brokers are very active as well girls are more endangered belongs from these age group.2.4 Samples separated by Girls and Boys (primary coil data, N=53)Firstly our sample is biased to tell about run aw ay children on platform based on their sex. Due to permission hassle we didnt get opportunity to have girl sample. simply with help of SATHI we had taken barely 25% sample of girl among total number of sample. But through the observation also it was very clear those girls are living very less on the platform. As per the available secondary data from SATHI, it shows that about 33.33% children are girl among all run away.2.5 Religion of the childReligion of children doesnt made any to sense to say that children are run away because they are belongs to XYZ community. But as per sample taken 37 children are Hindu 13 Muslims 3 Christians and 1 Sikh. And check to the CWC secondary data Hindu- 71%, Muslims 14%, Christian 13% and others 2 %.( source primary data)2.6 Status of children before run awayIt is necessary to look for about the run-away children what they were doing before running away. Whether they are studying, working or doing nothing means not studying and not working.Chil dren what do they were doing before they run away? Definitely it is making one sense it may be a cause for run-away the children. comparable children those who were going to school they may have problem to acquiring into stress because they might disliking to go school. Similarly they might have fear of teacher. Similarly as children those who were working notify run away due to maturation at the work place. In some of the cases children runaway because they sent by their parents for work and they are getting exploited at the body of work in much(prenominal)(prenominal) condition they cannot think to go back and cannot work too. Such kinds of situation also forcing to run away.One thing I noticed common in run-away children is their confidence may be that also one factor because of that they rebel from the situation and run away. We also got cases of sexual exploitation but it ware seldom for male but it was more in case of girl at their respected work place nothing surprising. 2.7 Times of run away basically run away children comes into two type 1) Habitual run away 2) Fresher those run away first time. As per the sample 66% children are first time runaway. Habitual children basically having psychological problem. Like in few cases children away several(prenominal) times. Not only from their house or workplace they are running away from anywhere.Among the habitual children some of them are liking platform life so much, even they dont want to go back their home. Usually NGOs working for the platform children are conducting rehabitation camp. After the camp most of the children are getting rehabitated. But old children dont want to attain camp even they dont like to go with such kind of process of the NGO. Besides they are taking opportunity of such facility available for them like shelter and food.The problem not much complicated for those who run away first time but here about 44% children are runaway more than one time, May be because they like the plat form life. slightly cases also in that respect where children are living on the platform because they dont know the way to go back, and children those who run away several times cannot go back because they rejected by the family several times.2.8 Status of FamilyChildren are running away one of the reason due to the maternal care. We got the same result through the primary and secondary data. Through the sample we got from total run away, 32.5% boy are orphan And among all orphan 14% not having father and contract. 31.25% without mother and 56.25 are without father.At home children without mother and father, feels so lonely, no body taking care of them as father and mother. Once they run away they dont wanted to back. And also we launch the similar cases among those not having either mother or father.2.9 Contact with familyWe have assumptions that run away children means they wouldnt have any contact from the family. But it wasnt true. Habitual run away children those who are fi nally settled on platform few of them having contact with their family. Some children having contact with them. Some of the children direct money to their house also. Hence after spending necessary amount of money on their need. They wouldnt have anything thing to do. In some cases we found that children sent money to their house upto Rs. 5000. During the study it comes out 3.77% family having contact with their family. We also found some cases in which children going back in bad run (like extreme cold) they are used to go their home.Discussion with habitual child having contact with familyThe child front in photo, we meet several time with him throughout the calendar month. Child is habitual to live in platform, and dont wanted to go back their home. He knows properly way of their home. After asking the children why you dont want to go your home. He replied my family dont like me during the discussion he also explained he sent Rs. 5000 to their family last month (March 2012). We asked Why? If they dont like you? He replied by being irritating not for my mother and father, I sent that for my sister, her hand was broken when she locomote down. I again asked do you visiting your home sometime? He replied yes Sometimes too meet my sister2.10 Reason for the run awayThere are several reasons that may be responsible to run away a children like both psychological and non-psychological. That discussed as below2.10.1 psychological reasonIn government home through the participatory observation, it came out that so many children are running away due to their psychological reason. They can run away even because of very small reason. Like one boy we found in the government home who run away only due to their parents not allowed him to fly the kites and also to restrict the child they beaten also. Child rebelled against their family and run away. And similar so many cases exist because of the children run away. Some other cases like attraction to go city, inspiration t o earn more money and be a rich person, become more confident and having dream to achieve anything. We also observed some children those who rebelled even in SATHI camp. And also they not getting into control easily.2.10.2 Non-psychological reasonApart from the psychological reason there are so many non-psychological problems are there because of that children are running away. Like family related problem, physical abuse, sexual abuse, road side dwellers, work related problem, uncaring family, and fear after doing something wrong. From the sample taken and discussion with children following the comes out see below the tableFigure 7 Reasons of runaway (source primary data)Also in case of so many children, sometimes one problem may cases of runaway the children and sometimes combination of more than one problem. Like in case of Ismayl he is eldest son in their family. His father and mother bother were suffering from dieses as well they credit on their steer that also due to the treat ment. To overcome from loan and take care of family his mother sent him for work. For the sake of their family he started to work but later he mingle with the plateform life as well as so much stress due to family and at work place he left out the place and reached out to New Delhi railway station.Similarly, child having problem like so much family problem means fight within the family, physical abuse, alcoholic and abuse, parental care like having step mother or step father, illicit relationship among mother and father, insufficient income of the family that forces them to send their children to work on platform.Another problem are like due to peer. We found few cases where children were run away only because of Peer Company. And also in some cases they wanted to visit city and getting support of their friend also pulled them to go out.

The two approaches of accounting research

The 2 approaches of news report questionThe positivist approach and the decisive approach be the two approaches of method of history explore. This article explains the concepts of positivist approach and full of life approach, and then explains many of the problems of these two approaches. This article discusses the inter-relationship between method of story look into, accounting standards and accounting practice. Through the explore findings, this article use the case of intangible as cut backs to illustrates how accounting research impact on accounting standards. Secondly, this article shows how accounting standards gather accounting practice. Thirdly, this article explains the inter-relationship between accounting research and accounting practice.IntroductionThe positivist approach and the critical approach are the two methodologies of accounting research. Hooper, Davey, Liyanarachchi and Prescott (2008, p20) expound that the positivist approach is generally consi dered to be a combination of induction and deduction. The handed-down view for the positive approach to research is to understanding and solving problems. The traditional characteristics of the positive approach are empiricism, logic and causality. These characteristics are often referred to as ontological, epistemological and methodological characteristics of a research paradigm. Positive accounting research experiments to eviscerate what is without making any value judgments as to how things should be. The positive approach has been important in recent years. The critical approach to accounting research does not offer a particular method or methodology for research but rather a dialectic and Socratic approach to the evaluation of knowledge claims (Hooper et al, 2008, p33). The critical research focus on the accounting theory that is concerned with resolving conflicts between the corporation and general public. The only ideology is the belief in humans and the concomitant and e mancipation of humankind. Critical theory offers processes for the consideration and evaluation of knowledge claims without providing a single way forward for the researcher.These two accounting research approaches are not mutually exclusive but are complementary. Hooper et al (2008) states that the positive approach has a number of problems, such as lack of agreement on what the positive approach actually is appeals to the authority of science but focuses on behavior and so on. The critical approach similarly has some problems, such as the critical research cannot generalize findings critical research cannot predict or replicate studies. Both of these two theories have its own advantages and disadvantages, it is necessary to combine the two methodologies in actual accounting practice environment.Accounting research helps accounting standards setters and others understand the economic world, but accounting research does not seek prescriptions of techniques to make the world better . However, knowing what works and what does not work can help corporations or standard setters choose techniques that have the best chance of working in as yet untested situations. Accounting standards have been categorized on the basis of their nature into two categories principal-based standards and rule-based standards. Hooper et al (2008) states that accounting standards are based on a set of principals and concepts. Intangible assets defined as non-physical and non-monetary sources of probable future economic profits accruing to the firm as a result of past events or transaction (Canibano et al, 2000). Intangible assets should be accounted and reported in the financial statement. Maines,Bartov, Fairfield, and Hirst (2003) states that for pragmatic reasons, most research on intangible assets focuses on those intangibles, intangible assets generated by RD expenditures. RD expenditures data are widely available because RD expenditures must be disclosed separately under FASB No. 2 , Accounting for Research and Development Costs. Because there is no such requirement for other types of intangibles assets. Canibano et al (2000) describes that control of the probable future benefits arising from the intangible investment is considered by most accounting standards setting bodies as a prefatory requisite for recognition. Lev and Zarowin (1999) suggest that intangible assets should be accounted for following the same methods applied for tangible assets, but at the same time some argument swot that there are significant differences between tangible and intangible assets which make it necessary to apply different criteria for the recognition and valuation of the latter (Hendriksen, 1982). According to the SFAC6, dissever 25, the FASB (1985a) considers the ownership or control of the future benefits as the main requisite for the recognition of intangibles. If it is focus on the ownership of the benefits, then intangible assets such as human resource could be recogni zed. There is a new trend in accounting research, which seems to be providing strong life to reporting intangibles (Canibano et al, 2000). Accounting research suggests to use disclosures on intangibles assets and those intangibles expenditures have future much benefits, but that these future benefits are more like uncertain than those associated with conventionally recognized assets. Thus, there is some empirical support for the capitalization of estimated RD intangibles. Given research results, Maines et al (2003) makes the following recommendations first, support the FASBs decision to add another project which considers the disclosure and recognition of entropy related to intangibles assets. Second, believe that the FASB needs to consider recognition of internally generated intangibles assets, because current accounting standards require capitalization economic similar as intangibles assets acquired externally. Third, Despite our support for intangible assetss disclosures relate d to and possible recognition , we encourage the FASB to proceed carefully on disclosures and recognition knowledge on intangibles, given significant uncertainties related to accounting research in this paticular area. Concerns related to this research include the following. Finally, while research documents associations between intangibles in pass wateration and designs make causal inference difficult. All of the accounting research in this area is based on RD expenditures for data availability reasons. It is not clear how easily these accounting research results generalize to other types of intangibles assets.Accounting Standards take an important voice in accounting practice. McCombie and Deo (2005) state that accounting standards provide the accountant with a guideline to reports economic transactions and events for an organization. The accounting standards are also described as a piece of delegated legislationparliament has given the power of making accounting standards to a body that has experts on it rather than developing the documents itself as a body of legislators (Ravlic, 2003). The number of companies that have to apply standards in preparing financial reports is therefore kinda important. Macve (2010) states that audited accounts are part of an organization that defines the economic environment in a country, or across countries, and enables investors to have confidence in the system as a whole as one to which to entrust their money. This was justified by Edwards (1938) in his call for a revolutionary reform of UK accounting practice. It still seems as true today. In the view of the US SEC it is the overall regime of standards of bodily governance, accounting, auditing and enforcement in a country that lowers the cost of capital to firms in that economy and thereby stimulates investment and economic growth. This effect is probably greater than what any unmarried firm can achieve by improving its own accounting and disclosures (cf. Botosan, 2 006). The accelerating growth of accounting practices over the years has changed the format of corporate annual reports. planetary Accounting Standards (IASs) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), along with other statutory requirements, have changed the way in which financial statements are reported (Gouws and Cronj, 2008). All the information is generated by a diversity of accounting practices, all of which are therefore worth researching. Accounting research leads to an enhanced understanding of the fact that these practices are compulsive by two systems that provide the information included in corporate annual reports. This shows that practices peripheral to traditional accounting practices also have an important role to play, both for educational institutions and accounting.Accounting practices should not be seen in isolation (that is, only from an accounting perspective), as they are multidisciplinary in nature. Environmental practices and information, soc ial practices and information, good practices and information, as well as management accounting practices and information, together with financial accounting practices and information, form the context within which reporting in corporate annual reports takes place ( Gouws and Cronj, 2008).Accounting Research have made Accounting Practice more efficient and effective, butAccounting research and accounting practice are not incessantly seemed to be synchrony. One of the great attractions of conducting applied accounting research in accounting practice is that the research topics extend beyond the rule boundaries. It brings worldviews into conflict, improves accounting practice, and raises doubts about professional social and values (Schiehll, Borba, Murcia, 2007). HENDRIKSEN (1982) corroborates this argument, adding that accounting theory may be defined as logical reasoning in the form of two principles that (1) accounting research provide a general frame of reference by which acc ounting practice can be evaluated, and (2) accounting research guide the development of new accounting practices and procedures. However, some of the research shows results of accounting research have not led to changes in accounting practice this may be caused by practitioners not accepting the research findings or a lag in putting new accounting theory into accounting practice. This has been an over-emphasis on a theory and the research results in some cases, and it is correct that standard-setters and practitioners have not accepted or have been cautious in using the accounting research results as a basis for new accounting rules and practices, such as market efficiency research. However, in other cases research appears to be quite useful to standard setters as they establish new rules and practices, such as earnings management research. Llewellyn and Sue (1996) states that theories for practice would place more emphasis on theory as a map or recipe or instructions manual which p rovide means by which we can do things in the world or cope with events. Auditing Practice, Research, and Education, A Productive Collaboration, published in 1995 through a joint effort of the American Accounting Association and the AICPA, set the goal of preparing a monograph documenting the successes of prior, less-harried times when collaborative efforts produced significant insights and often solutions to challenging auditing problems (Bell and Wright, pg 178). They explain the rich heritage of practitioner or academician collaboration in addressing auditing challenges. The authors indicate the importance of a periodic review of academic research for use of those in practice. The monograph also calls for increased interaction with practitioners, the use of academic research fellows in practice, and integration of the research process into audit education (Anderson et al, 2003). Accounting practice depends on accounting research, and accounting research guide the development for accounting practice.ConclusionBoth of the positivist approach and the critical approach has its own advantages and disadvantages, the best way to use accounting research is to combine the two methodologies in actual accounting practice environment. The inter-relationships between accounting research, accounting standards and accounting practice are Accounting research helps accounting standards setters and others understand the economic world, accounting research have made accounting Practice more efficient and effective, but accounting research and accounting practice are not always seem to be synchrony. Accounting standards provide the accountant with a guideline to reports economic transactions and events for an organization.

Problems Of Pakistani Education System

Problems Of Pakistani Education SystemHamza NaeemCan you imagine what will happen with Pakistan if on that point is no improvement in the cultivation system of Pakistan? Can this system will improve in future? Education is like a plunk for b one and only(a) for the development of a country. It is like a weapon through which e rattlingthing can be conciliateed. The definition of discipline is the process of de give-up the ghostry of knowledge and seemly an educate person. According to the constitution of Pakistan, 1973 Article 137-b The state shall remove illiteracy and provide renounce and compulsory secondary genteelness within minimum manageable period. Problems in didactics system should be eliminated to promote unity among men and women and offer a better quality atmosphere for learning.In Pakistan the major(ip) problem of education system is dual education system. Dual education means that study of students in different metiers. The poor students study in Urdu medium and the rich students in English medium. This create very problem. For Instance, when both rich and poor students enter into a mature life, the poor student face very difficult to pick the English language and the rich students pick the English language and answers very quickly. This create discriminants among the poor students.In many another(prenominal) schools of Pakistan authorities declare changed Urdu medium syllabus to English medium syllabus and most of educators in government schools are unaware of those English language which is written in the way also most of teachers are old there.so they do not teach the students properly as a result many of the students fail. Government should have either change the syllabus in Urdu language or rule in a young teachers who know English language properly.Gender discriminants is also another(prenominal) flaws of education system in Pakistan. The ratio of primary education for girls is less as compare to boys which is more concern ab le for the government. The growth of the private schools has been profit in Pakistan for the last few years. It is believed that Pakistan is the country which is facing a lot of gender discrimination. It creates a lot of gap among haves and have nots.Lack of good and scientific education is also the biggest flaws of Pakistani education system that have never been focused before. The main reason for this problem is that wish of technical and perception teachers due to this reason students are un aware of technical scientific equipments and this creates a lot of problem in future when they enter into a live work places. Therefore, less technical and scientific education means meek standard of education.The allocation of funds for education are very low. *In 2011-2012 it is closemouthed about 0.9 to 0.58 percentage of the total GDP. It should be near about 7% of the total GDP. At that budget grant, the illiteracy rate would not be decrease but increase day by day. The simple way to increase the budget of education federal and provincial government should decrease their expenditures and should spend this on the education budget to increase literacy rate.In numerous government schools the teachers are less educated and they do not teach the students properly. When the base of the child is not prospective then in future he will face lot of difficulties in many subjects. Those who does not know how to teach the students become instructor and they are not professionally educator because when they have no work to do they become to instructor. This shows that Pakistan have low criteria for education.Another problem of Pakistani education system is lack of respect of teachers. In Pakistan, there is no respect of teachers. If teacher beat any student in college or university then bordering day the student which is bitten by teacher beat him. It is noticed that, **In Karachi November 22, 2013 The senior teacher of science faculty was beating at the hands of few ac tivists of a major student organization.Selection of subjects among students is one of the problems of education system especially in colleges. Some students do not select correct subjects in college and they fail. For example, when students enter in college life their parents force them to choose those subjects which their parents suggest and students do not take interest in those subjects and they do not get a line properly this causes a failures.Another flaws of Pakistani education system is regionally difference. The schools in province Baluchistan (largest province in its large area) are not soundly decorated and groomed as compare to province Punjab (largest province in its population).In Punjab there is a level of merit of education as compared to other provinces as they are fail to develop a good atmosphere for education. In FATA there is a low literacy rate of education. The literacy rate of education for women is extremely low as compare to men.There is a lack of good in stitutes in Pakistan. In our neighbor country like India have near about 1500 universities and in our country there are only 150 universities but some of these universities have no standard level. In many universities of Pakistan, there is only one main program which is engineering. Some of these universities are recognized with Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) and most of them are not recognized with PEC. This create very problem when students go to habituate for a job they are rejected because their degree is not recognized with PEC. In the medical field of Pakistan there is lot of private institute and they take in lot of fee from their students. After completion of their MBBS private institutes provide no house jobs for their students and they have to do house job in government hospitals free of cost.Lack of government funds to educational institutes is the main problem of Pakistani education system. Sometime many universities in Pakistan are closed due to lack of funding be cause government make policies in universities and after making policies for universities government ensure the vice chancellors of universities that government provide all facilities to the poor students But ,in detail it is not come true.In many schools of Pakistan lack of furnitures, proper rooms, play grounds, staffrooms, and arrangements for portable water, sanitary workers, support staff ,peons and security guards. It was reported in express tribune (March 24, 2012) that ***According to a Free and Fair Election Network (Fafen) report released that, 95 boys primary schools out of 161 monitored across 85 districts in January were free-base to be without playgrounds. In addition, 74 schools were without chairs for students, while 35 did not have any furniture for teachers and 118 schools had no staffroom. As many as 38 schools had no arrangements for potable water and only eight had sanitary workers. Other support staff peons and security guards was present only in 48 schools . However, classrooms in 133 schools were show to be clean despite the unavailability of sanitary workers. Also, 129 schools had electricity connections but only 16 had well-lit classrooms. Fans were available in classrooms of 128 schools.No politician in Pakistan salaried attention in improving the level of education system. Politicians are no better rights to involve in education system and now this time our education system reflect with this incident. Public education system needs a new wall without the limp of political leaders. Bureaucracy is falling to reform in education because they are unaware of educational system. It was posted in Dawn newspaper that ****In Timergara (Lower Dir.), July 25 various teachers organizations have called for an end to political interference in the district education departmentStudents political wings like (IJT, PSF, APMSO) etc. in many universities creates very problems in educational institutes. The fight between different student wings in university creates problem like during their fight university academic system is badly affected. Sometime university is closed for one or many weeks and this is not a good sign. In fact, it is the failures of university administration and also provincial and federal government.In Pakistan there is Chaudhary and Wad era system of education. It means that in many villages of Pakistan the children of the poor study in government schools, small and without facility in village schools they work very hard but when big lot (Chaudhary and wad era) see that poors child work very hard and want to become equal with them then they threat him with different methods.it show up that in Pakistan there is no rights of poor people to get education and become equal with rich people.Poverty is also one of the biggest fact that sugar the parents to send their children to private schools.so they without take any steps prefer to send their children to government schools where the education is not much more satisfactory. Without money families are otiose to send their children to schools and bear uniforms and other expenditures. Free primary education is a human right but in Pakistan it is only free in government sectors which is not satisfactory primary education.Finally, government should take steps for the improvement of education system and spend money for the improvement of primary, secondary and higher education and also increase the budget for education. More Schools, colleges, universities, medical and engineering colleges are needed to be open. More attention must be given to scientific and technical education so that more students come in these fields. Subjects relevant teachers should be enter as soon as possible. Politics should be finish from education. Students also pay full attention on their study. Full rights to get education should be given to women so that they should come equal with men. If government not take steps we should stand for it until all problems w ill not finish. Allah Almighty said in Quran in surah Raad (13) verse 11 that It is a fact that Allah does not change the condition of a people unless they bring about a change in their own selves. These are all hopes how to improve our education system? But who will come among us to eliminate these problems?References*http//www.mediapoint.pk/study-defence-and-education-budget-of-pakistan/** http//dawn.com/news/166719/karachi-student-activists-beat-up-teacher-ku-faculty-members-protest-today*** http//tribune.com.pk/story/354172/report-public-schools-lacking-furniture-playgrounds/****http//dawn.com/news/1031980/political-interference-in-education-dept-opposed strikeHamza NaeemGroup3DepartmentEEEInstructor NameMr.Zameer NawazNamal college, Mianwali

The Ten Commandments Should be Allowed In Schools Essay -- education, r

In todays society of political correctness, many issues arise betwixt the interests of the many interests groups of the nation. One of the issues that continue to generate heated debate is the displaying of the decennium Commandments and other religious documents on government keeping. The issue of the Ten Commandments is one of the most heated discussions on the local and national stage today. Although there are many groups and individuals opposed to the displaying of the Ten Commandments and other religious objects as a misdemeanour against the separation of church and state and against the 1st amendment which is freedom of religion, the question asked by many others is should religious objects including the Ten Commandments be permissible on government property? The answer is, yes, it should be. By law, according to history, and first amendment rights not being violated, the simple legality of the issue is without a doubt, a non-debatable issue. It is a permissible act of having the Ten Commandments and other religious objects on government property as long as it does not prove hostile or offensive toward anyone. It is not an minute of the Ten Commandments as being an authoritative document but rather an acceptance of the document as being a guide map or basis for many of the laws and issues in our present day society. The displaying of the Commandments is not intended as hostile but rather an acknowledgement that these requests, especially the last quintette Commandments, should be followed and used as a basis for law between men. With this issue being debated locally and nationally, and with the legal action that has been taken, it is still a in truth hotly debated issue, even after Supreme Court rulings and interpret... ...ber 1994. The Atlantic. 9 March 2011 .Sieff, Kevin. washingtonpost.com. 11 February 2011. The Washington Post. 8 March 2011 .States, Supreme Court of the United. supremecourt.gov. 25 February 2009. supremecourt.gov/opin ions. 6 March 2011 .Sturgeon, Jeff. 2nd Va. school mired in Ten Commandments flap. 26 February 2011. Pilot Online.com. 7 March 2011 .Zimmerman, Mark. Symbol of Enduring Freedom. March 2010. Columbia Magazine. 8 March 2011 .

War CANNOT Be Justified by any Party or any Reason Essay -- Critical Th

Have you heard near Korean contend, which occurred in June, 25, 1950? The conflict between ideologies caused this state of war with tens of millions killed, millions of families separated, the country reduced to rubble, and a huge stable scar on Koreas culture. Then, Vietnam War, Gulf War, or Iraq war can sound familiar to you. Lets change point to the number of doomed bodies from wars themselves. Can you guess how m any(prenominal) people got killed during all of those war periods? Only for Vietnam War, the true civilians of Vietnam War were two millions in the north, and another two millions in the south, and multitude causalities were 1.1 million killed and six hundreds thousand wounded during war. To finish a war, how many innocent people and soldiers have to get killed? Even if a war ended, who had the responsibilities nigh those deaths?Most of the modern wars were resulted from conflict of ideologies such as communism and capitalism. Since international relationships wer e settled down among countries, a war is not any more about one or two countries. For example, supporting troops were sent to South Korea during the Korean War by 16 different countries under U.N order. No issuing which part achieved a victory, damages after war remained and hurt all of them.Can war be justified for any party or any reason? The answer is No. St. Augustine enunciated that a war can be justified only when it is fought for a just cause (qtd. in Peace and War). But what is a just cause? Everybody has a different definition and it can be totally subjective. In closely modern cultures or most countries, war is accepted as an effective and justifiable way of protecting national interests and achieving diplomatic goals. It can be the just cause as St. Augu... ...ar veterans suffered mental capacity damage after chemical exposure, study says November.30.1999Veterans with Gulf War syndrome have damage in specific, primitive portion of nervous system September.24.2004 Guilty of war crimes - or victim of a feud with US soldiers? May.22.2003The desert ecology another war victim March.27.2003Clinton announces new money for Gulf War syndrome explore November.8.1997Gulf Link Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses